Disease resistance refers to the ability of a plant or animal to limit the damage caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Organisms have complex immune systems that recognize these pathogens and mount defenses against infection and spread.
In plants, disease resistance works through various molecular mechanisms. Plants may have receptor proteins on their cell surfaces that recognize molecules from pathogens, triggering immune signaling pathways inside the cells. This induces production of antimicrobial compounds and proteins that stop pathogen growth. Some plants also undergo hypersensitive cell death at infection sites, sacrificing a few cells to limit pathogen spread.
Selective breeding and biotechnology tools can introduce resistance genes from wild plants to crops, making them less vulnerable to major diseases. For example, the gene Rx was bred into potato from a wild relative to make commercial varieties resistant to potato virus X (PVX).
In animals, the adaptive immune system creates antibodies that specifically bind and neutralize pathogens. White blood cells also directly attack infected cells. These defenses create immunological memory so that future exposures trigger faster, stronger responses.
Like plants, some animals have genes that provide resistance to specific pathogens. For instance, certain cattle breeds better resist intestinal worms. Breeding for heightened overall immune function is also possible. Our veterinarians at Hormone Harmony Clinic provide diagnostics to evaluate immune health in pets and livestock. Boosting immunity through balanced nutrition and scientifically designed supplement regimens can reduce treatment needs and impacts of infections.
I hope this overview has helped explain what disease resistance involves! Let me know if you have any other questions. Our team at Hormone Harmony Clinic would be glad to discuss customized wellness plans to meet your animals' needs.